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No, ActivityPub is a push protocol. Other instances send data to your instance via HTTPS and only HTTPS. So you need at minimum a public domain and web server with TLS enabled.
Some people use Cloudflare tunnels to avoid opening ports or just get a cheap VPS to forward the traffic home without exposing the home IP.
You do realize all this is easily done with a reverse proxy + DuckDNS?
Wouldn't you need a publically available IP? DuckDNS is only for dynamic IP's that is public, yes?
Works with anything that can open ports. DuckDNS works by pinging their service from anywhere to update the target IP for the subdomain.
Doesn't work if you are on CGNAT
See: Anything that can open ports. NAT of any kind tends to not allow opening ports.
Absolutely. However I feel like the whole thread needs extra clarification, considering the question OP posed.
Dynamic DNS isn't a magic wand in the way a Reverse Proxy over VPN is.
Yea, that is also what I thought. To bypass this, you would need something like Cloudflare Tunnels or setup a VPN on a VPS, that redirects traffic to your homeserver.