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You declare the ip in your setup, or in the yaml file. An example for the docker-compose file is in the link below. I'd expect you'll want to declare the network and such as well, if you're not familiar.
https://gist.github.com/natcl/3d881d00a56c8a961e6dab8ba51a5a37
This feels like an anti-pattern that should be avoided. Docker compose allows for scaling individual services to have more than one instance. By hard assigning an IP address to a service, how is that going to be scaled in the future?
I don’t know how to reconcile this issue directly for NPM, but the way to do this with Traefik is to use container labels (not hard assigning IP address) such that Traefik can discover the service and wire itself up automatically. I’d imagine there should be a similar way to perform service discovery in NPM?
docker compose isn't really scalable. If you need automatic, hgih availability load balancing, you should look into Kubernetes Ingress.
It’s not as a fully scalable solution, no. Without swarm, last I checked, it cannot even really run on multiple instances. However, it does have the functionality to scale individual services within the same host if resources are available and the service can benefit from such a scaling. It is not very uncommon to see something require multiple worker instances and this breaks that paradigm.
Service discovery will certainly play a much larger role in even more orchestrated systems, but doesn’t mean it shouldn’t start here.