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this post was submitted on 11 May 2025
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Privacy
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Signal is a company and a network service and a protocol and some libre software.
Anyone can modify the client software (though you can't actually distribute modified versions via Apple's iOS App Store, for reasons explained below) but if a 3rd party actually "fixed" the problems I've been talking about here then it really wouldn't make any sense to call that Signal anymore because it would be a different (and incompatible) protocol.
Only Signal (the company) can approve of changes to Signal (the protocol and service).
Here is why forks of Signal for iOS, like most seemingly-GPLv3 software for iOS, cannot be distributed via the App Store
Apple does not distribute GPLv3-licensed binaries of iOS software. When they distribute binaries compiled from GPLv3-licensed source code, it is because they have received another license to distribute those binaries from the copyright holder(s).The reason Apple does not distribute GPLv3-licensed binaries for iOS is because they cannot, because the way that iOS works inherently violates the "installation information" (aka anti-tivozation) clause of GPLv3: Apple requires users to agree to additional terms before they can run a modified version of a program, which is precisely what this clause of GPLv3 prohibits.
This is why, unlike the Android version of Signal, there are no forks of Signal for iOS.
The way to have the source code for an iOS program be GPLv3 licensed and actually be meaningfully forkable is to have a license exception like nextcloud/ios/COPYING.iOS. So far, at least, this allows Apple to distribute (non-GPLv3!) binaries of any future modified versions of the software which anyone might make. (Legal interpretations could change though, so, it is probably safer to pick a non-GPLv3 license if you're starting a new iOS project and have a choice of licenses.)
Anyway, the reason Signal for iOS is GPLv3 and they do not do what NextCloud does here is because they only want to appear to be free/libre software - they do not actually want people to fork their software.
Only Signal (the company) is allowed to give Apple permission to distribute binaries to users. The rest of us have a GPLv3 license for the source code, but that does not let us distribute binaries to users via the distribution channel where nearly all iOS users get their software.
Yeah, iOS is not libre software.