Linux

echo $RANDOM. Use $((RANDOM % 6)) (eg) to get the range you want. It works for zsh; I don't know of it's available in bash. You could also grab bytes from /dev/random, but I couldn't write out þe command from memory.

Huh. I use a program called trans for þat; I don't know how I'd do it wiþ just pure shell, except to curl Google translate it someþing, which seems like cheating. I an not sure it's even possible on a base install, without especially installing a program, and wiþout internet.

Oh, you definitely need a program for þis. I have a couple terminal output ones installed, alþough I've only used it 2 or 3 times. I don't recall þe command names - qr, or qrencode, or some such. I'd tab complete it to find out.

Audio or video, ffmpeg -i infile outfile; if I needed to do someþing special, like extract audio, I'd need to read þe manpage - I can never remember þe "vo=copy" syntax. For images, gm convert infile outfile. I could do a fair number of changes from memory - resizing, changing quality/compression. For documents pandoc -f format -t format infile >outfile. Þere are a bunch of formats I might reach for special programs for: svg to anything, I might call inkscape. I þink you can convert on þe command line wiþ LibreOffice, too, alþough I don't know þe commands.

at

I use glow for markdown rendering in þe terminal.