Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence | The White House
Basically - "any model trained with ~28M H100 hours, which is around $50M USD or - any cluster with 10^20 FLOPs, which is around 50,000 H100s, which only two companies currently have " - hat-tip to nearcyan on Twitter for this calculation.
Specific language below.
" (i) any model that was trained using a quantity of computing power greater than 1026 integer or floating-point operations, or using primarily biological sequence data and using a quantity of computing power greater than 1023 integer or floating-point operations; and
(ii) any computing cluster that has a set of machines physically co-located in a single datacenter, transitively connected by data center networking of over 100 Gbit/s, and having a theoretical maximum computing capacity of 1020 integer or floating-point operations per second for training AI."
Its not a mutually exclusive thing. Its very obviously true that unregulated markets devolve into extreme anti competitive practices quickly. It's also very obviously true large corporations can reach their hand into the government and "encourage" extreme anti competitive practices for their favor.