Others have brought up Dark Messiah which I think is a very decent rec.
Dragon Age Origins has some pretty powerful mages, but it might lack the physicality you're after.
For Bethesda games I think magic is much better in Morrowind and Oblivion than Skyrim
Also, this is a little niche but Dragons Dogma has some awesome mages. It'd a little punchier and more action oriented than most western RPGs.
Lastly, Guild Wars 2 has surprisingly fun combat for a decade old MMO and it's free.