0xcedbeef

1. Make a voronoi diagram
2. Triangulate the voronoi cells.
3. Make the triangles nice (do delaunay flips). I think it's ok if you break the voronoi cells
4. Color

No ML needed.

The way you sample at (1) will affect your result, you probably don't want to sample where there's edges in the image

Haven't carefully read the paper yet. How do they make sure the mesh is manifold?