this post was submitted on 27 Nov 2023
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[–] profdc9@lemmy.world 14 points 9 months ago (17 children)

What is an ultra-processed food? There needs to be some definition that is unambiguously applicable, otherwise this kind of study is worthless.

[–] protist@mander.xyz 9 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) (15 children)

Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) every 4 years. We estimated UPF intake using the NOVA classification, which groups foods according to the degree of their processing. In secondary analyses, we classified UPF into their components, including ultraprocessed grain foods, sweet snacks, ready-to-eat meals, fats and sauces, ultraprocessed dairy products, savory snacks, processed meat, beverages, and artificial sweeteners.

Here's a description of the NOVA classification system. At the bottom it says Group 4 foods (UPF) contain one or more of these ingredients:

colour

colour stabilizer

flavour enhancer

sweetener

carbonating agent

firming agent

bulking agent

anti-bulking agent

de-foaming agent

anti-caking agent

glazing agent

emulsifier

sequestrant

humectant

flavour

casein

lactose

whey

hydrogenated-oil

hydrolysed-proteins

maltodextrin

invert-sugar

high-fructose-corn-syrup
[–] Duranie@midwest.social 4 points 9 months ago (1 children)

"Bulking agent

Anti-bulking agent"

🤔

Emulsifiers? Egg yolks are emulsifiers, but I guess the chicken is on the hook for the processing.

[–] protist@mander.xyz 2 points 9 months ago

I recommend you read the details in the link rather than thinking adding eggs makes something ultra-processed. And which bulking agents and anti-bulking agents do you think wouldn't qualify?

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