It's steadily sinking or subsiding, which is destabilizing levees, roads, and airports.
Unless you’re sinking into quicksand, you might assume that the land beneath your feet is solid and unmoving. In actual fact, your part of the world may well be undergoing “subsidence,” which is where the ground collapses as sediments settle or when people over-extract groundwater. New York City is sinking, too, due to the weight of all those buildings pushing on the ground. In extreme cases, like in California’s agriculturally intensive San Joaquin Valley, elevations have plummeted not by inches, but by dozens of feet.
Last year, scientists reported that the US Atlantic Coast is dropping by several millimeters annually, with some areas, like Delaware, notching figures several times that rate. So just as the seas are rising, the land along the eastern seaboard is sinking, greatly compounding the hazard for coastal communities.
In a follow-up study just published in the journal PNAS Nexus, the researchers tally up the mounting costs of subsidence—due to settling, groundwater extraction, and other factors—for those communities and their infrastructure. Using satellite measurements, they have found that up to 74,000 square kilometers (29,000 square miles) of the Atlantic Coast are exposed to subsidence of up to 2 millimeters (0.079 inches) a year, affecting up to 14 million people and 6 million properties. And over 3,700 square kilometers along the Atlantic Coast are sinking more than 5 millimeters annually. That’s an even faster change than sea-level rise, currently at 4 millimeters a year. (In the map below, warmer colors represent more subsidence, up to 6 millimeters.)
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A few millimeters of annual subsidence may not sound like much, but these forces are relentless: Unless coastal areas stop extracting groundwater, the land will keep sinking deeper and deeper. The social forces are relentless, too, as more people around the world move to coastal cities, creating even more demand for groundwater. “There are processes that are sometimes even cyclic, for example in summers you pump a lot more water so land subsides rapidly in a short period of time,” says Manoochehr Shirzaei, an environmental security expert at Virginia Tech and coauthor of the paper. “That causes large areas to subside below a threshold that leads the water to flood a large area.” When it comes to flooding, falling elevation of land is a tipping element that has been largely ignored by research so far, Shirzaei says.
This is a known phenomenon since forever. You have to work to keep infrastructure working, not just because of this, but other reasons as well. I mean, it's like people are surprised that you have to cut the grass at an airport.
If you come to Amsterdam, you might notice that most buildings have cellar doors. That's not because people like cellars so much, it's that those used to be ground level when they built it. People just built a door higher up, with some stairs leading up to them when the buildings sunk noticeably. You can also see buildings tilt. There are alleys in there, where on the ground there is around 2 and a half metres of space, but the tops of the buildings are close enough to lean out and pass things between them.
I feel articles like this are just there to try to give excuses why the US' infrastructure is so much behind the rest of the developed world. This is not a unique, never-before-seen problem. People were solving this exact problem for multiple times as long as the US has existed. Just think, why do you think most archaeological digs are digs? It's not because people have a weird obsession with burying old structures.
Amsterdam is like that because they built it on a literal tidal floodplain reclaimed using dikes and when they put in a foundation under buildings they used wooden posts which eventually rotted away causing buildings to slump into the soft, wet earth underneath.
The problems and geology of the eastern US with respect to sinking land are much different.