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What 16th century Ottomans thought Europe looked like on top of an actual map of Europe
(files.catbox.moe)
For the map enthused!
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Achter means in a local sense 'at the back' or 'behind' and meer means either 'more' or means 'sea' (e.g. IJsselmeer).
So it referrs to either "more land behind" the city of Alkmaar or or a sea behind the city.
Lake, meer means lake. Achtermeer is best translated as back lake, or behind lake. Assuming achter in this case is used as this. It could also mean the lake of Acht. Since Acht could also be the name of a location. See Markermeer.
TY. Funny how German and Dutch switch meaning here: