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The Matrix network is the closest you're likely to get to Discord's features.
Nheko is a Matrix client that I believe can do screen sharing.
Eventually, whatever Matrix clients support Element Call might be what you want, but it's in beta for now.
Jitsi Meet might also be worth a look, although its (optional) end-to-end encryption was too demanding for some laptops last time I tried it.
Jitsi now needs a MS or Goog account
Only for the main instance. Its selfhostable as well.
i can't believe so many people didn't get that part
Are there any limitations with the screen sharing for these alternatives? Audio support or resolution adjustment? I thought I've seen mentions of lack of something but I may be thinking of Discord on linux
discord doesn't do audio on Linux
matrix clients that support pipewire should do fine
Is there at this point such a thing as managed hosting of Matrix? Like i pay somebody to install, keep upgraded and in general maintain a Matrix server with bridges to all the major things, then i just use it along with my small pool of users? Even further, would that be advisable?
Yes, managed hosting is available.
Element Matrix Services is the one that directly supports development of the project. There are others, too.
EMS doesn't support bridges unless you pay for the highest tier, but the list you linked is good.
Element for Matrix
Jitsi, for sure
Signal. Works both on mobile and linked to desktop.
It should also work on Element Web, but not desktop clients.
Here to second the signal recommendation. Screen share and voice chat work without problems. No need to selfhost either. Secure and privacy friendly.
Since everyone is only recommending self hostable options and no hoster, here is a new candidate:
OpenTalk on tchncs.de
It is also free and open source and the server is hosted by a german who takes donations.
The also have a mumble (like Teamspeak but as you said without screenshare) and matrix instance running, which are great but not for your needs.
Matrix using element for the client and element call or jitsi should do the trick
I would recommend using Matrix. But if you really want the "Discord experience" than I would suggest Revolt.
I've never had revolt come close to working; it always felt really buggy. ~~It also seems abandoned looking at their GitHub, there's been no activity in over 7 months.~~
Where did you look at? The backend had a commit 2 days ago, the frontend rewrite 2 weeks ago. Looks active.
I was looking at https://github.com/revoltchat/revolt/commits/master though it's been pointed out to me that's an incomplete view.