If you are asking that question here….
VoIP
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A phone number is a phone number. You don't "create" one, you lease/subscribe to a carrier that did the work to become an authorized phone carrier in a specific country.
If your question is "how do I start my own carrier in my country ?"`, first step would be going to the government body that oversees telecom operations. Usually, you'd need to complete administratives and technical requirements, such as :
- getting an operator license
- implementing a technical solution to bill your customers according to their traffic
- buying/leasing a range of phone numbers to the government or bigger carriers
- setting up connections (over internet or private circuits) to other upstream/partner carriers
This is not an exhaustive list unfortunately :)
“How to start a telco in 3 easy steps ….”
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Starting a telecom company is one of the most difficult and frustrating things you can do. It costs millions of dollars, takes dozens of employees and sign off from regulatory authorities in all 50 states.
It used to be a lot easier before the Stir Shaken nonsense started. Now, it’s probably about twice as expensive as it used to be.
If you don’t have the “bug” that causes people to be low-key obsessed with telephones, you’ll burn out. If you do, it’ll be one of the best things you’ve ever done and will give you the kind of pride.
Do you mean building a new PBX software, or running your own PBX, or creating your own LEC?
Phone numbers are unique, and while they can be mobile, they are tied with original locations and the underlying carriers that route them. You can't just make them up without going through the FCC first, and ones that already exist but aren't leased to customers are still owned by LECs. The NANP has specific rules on where numbers route to and how they need to be entered, because it rests on over a century old switching topography. (eg, 212 goes to Manhattan, 312 goes to Chicago, 415 to San Francisco, etc). It would be like building a cabin in the woods, call it 123 Main Street, Faketown, East Dakota 55555-1212 and expect that just by dropping a letter with that address in the mailbox you'll see it arrive at your cabin later that week.
That said, if you're looking to be a provider, you'd need to start by partnering with LECs for the area code(s) you're looking to service and lease numbers from them, just like all the other edge providers do. Or you could try and break into the LEC business, but...I'm guessing that's not your intent.