Looks like a switching regulator. Why there are two of them I don't know, but all those electrolytic caps, inductors, and beefy diodes around there are very telling.
The fuse is labeled as PTC so should be a resetting type that does not destroy itself on overload.
If the problem was indeed a bug shorting out the IC itself you probably have a good chance of getting it back by just replacing the IC, if you can identify it.
