this post was submitted on 27 Nov 2023
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[–] profdc9@lemmy.world 14 points 11 months ago (17 children)

What is an ultra-processed food? There needs to be some definition that is unambiguously applicable, otherwise this kind of study is worthless.

[–] protist@mander.xyz 9 points 11 months ago* (last edited 11 months ago) (15 children)

Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) every 4 years. We estimated UPF intake using the NOVA classification, which groups foods according to the degree of their processing. In secondary analyses, we classified UPF into their components, including ultraprocessed grain foods, sweet snacks, ready-to-eat meals, fats and sauces, ultraprocessed dairy products, savory snacks, processed meat, beverages, and artificial sweeteners.

Here's a description of the NOVA classification system. At the bottom it says Group 4 foods (UPF) contain one or more of these ingredients:

colour

colour stabilizer

flavour enhancer

sweetener

carbonating agent

firming agent

bulking agent

anti-bulking agent

de-foaming agent

anti-caking agent

glazing agent

emulsifier

sequestrant

humectant

flavour

casein

lactose

whey

hydrogenated-oil

hydrolysed-proteins

maltodextrin

invert-sugar

high-fructose-corn-syrup
[–] SoylentBlake@lemm.ee 2 points 11 months ago (3 children)

That's any food that comes in a box or a bag.

So if you can't afford to shop at the farmers market every other day and buy locally raised and slaughtered meat, you're more likely to get depressed.

Great use of time and money there. 👍

[–] Sodis@feddit.de 2 points 11 months ago

Are you not able to buy vegetables, fruits, pasta, rice, beans and so on in your local supermarket?

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