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Iran’s internet blackout left people in the dark. How does a country shut down the internet?
(theconversation.com)
this post was submitted on 24 Jun 2025
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It's a good article for people who got so used to the internet permeating everything that they never considered the underlying infrastructure. But it's there, and it can be controled - not just in Iran; though certainly countries like Iran and Russia put more effort into isolating it than others. But it will never be 100% - circumvention will always be possible - and I don't mean VPNs, just other physical/technical means of accessing & distributing the internet and/or other forms of ditributed messaging. As a layman's guess I'd say cell towers might factor into this.
Aren’t most cell tower functions just backhauled to the Internet these days, anyway?
I was wondering the same actually:
Wouldn't hard shutting down the internet shut down mobile communications as well. Of course a soft shutdown would allow for filtering that out. I wonder which one Iran chose.
Yes, a cell phone tower is basically a Wi-Fi router for a bunch of people because it has a connection to the internet via a fiber cable and then broadcasts that out over local airway spectrum. The exact same thing as your Wi-Fi does except for longer range and higher power and higher locations.