Not victim blaming nor defending Adobe because fuck them, but... It's not a cancellation fee and they're actually nice to let you cancel earlier.
I explain: when you sign up, you can choose between monthly commitment or yearly commitment. Yearly commitment has a much lower monthly fee because they want to discourage occasional usage, but many individuals wouldn't like to pay the huge yearly sum in a single payment, and in this case they offer a yearly plan with monthly installments. (For a big company instead is the opposite, they prefer paying the huge sum and get a single invoice instead of 12 invoices - less work for the accounting dept). Yearly plan with monthly installments isn't the same of a monthly plan.
So, technically, the user agreed to a 1-year contract and they're even nice to let you go out earlier by just paying back the discount that you got in the meantime, like if you subscribed monthly. If you think about it, it's almost unheard. With most yearly contracts, there's no possibility of early cancellation. Even Amazon, that label themselves "the most consumer friendly company" doesn't easily give partial refunds to unused Prime subscriptions.
Regarding the chargeback, in my country all the banks except American express would reject it as you got the service as stated in the contract
Now that I almost defended Adobe, fuck them and always try to find an alternative to their products before giving a single penny to them