Linux

In first you need understand what type of suspend you use:

Suspend to RAM (aka suspend, aka sleep) The S3 sleeping state as defined by ACPI. Works by cutting off power to most parts of the machine aside from the RAM, which is required to restore the machine's state. Because of the large power savings, it is advisable for laptops to automatically enter this mode when the computer is running on batteries and the lid is closed (or the user is inactive for some time). Suspend to disk (aka hibernate) The S4 sleeping state as defined by ACPI. Saves the machine's state into swap space and completely powers off the machine. When the machine is powered on, the state is restored. Until then, there is zero power consumption. Hybrid suspend (aka hybrid sleep) A hybrid of suspending and hibernating, sometimes called suspend to both. Saves the machine's state into swap space, but does not power off the machine. Instead, it invokes the default suspend. Therefore, if the battery is not depleted, the system can resume instantly. If the battery is depleted, the system can be resumed from disk, which is much slower than resuming from RAM, but the machine's state has not been lost.

I think you use Hybrid suspend. Hybrid suspend store memory to disk (20 seconds lag) and then lost battery for memory renew. Need you Suspend to RAM maybe? 20 Seconds lag will fixed with that.

Then check

cat /sys/power/mem_sleep

If you see

[s2idle] shallow deep

check first if your UEFI advertises some settings for it, generally under Power or Sleep state or similar wording, with options named Windows 10, Windows and Linux or S3/Modern standby support for S0ix, and Legacy, Linux, Linux S3 or S3 enabled for S3 sleep.

If you don't see anything you can swap sleep mode to Suspend to disk. That slow but don't use any power. Or try fix sleep status.

More information you can find here: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Power_management/Suspend_and_hibernate

Hibernation or suspend? 2 different things. For hibernation you need a swap space at least the size of your RAM, and then the laptop is powered off after this.

For suspend, in your dmesg, see if you have:

ACPI: PM: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)

if you have S3 your laptop should lost only a few percent.

do a:

cat /sys/power/mem_sleep

what does it says?

New CPU/BIOS/PC/Laptop only support something called "s0 idle" meaning it is like a cellphone, everything is running, and each drivers/components/os should enter low power themselves, if they do not, well, your battery is draining.

S3 means "suspend to RAM", only RAM is powered and everything else is off, your laptop can stay like this for days. I don't know who decided that this is bad and your laptop should be like your cellphone, always running?!?

See: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Power_management/Suspend_and_hibernate

You're probably missing a swap position or file. Modern Linux distro don't really support hibernate out of the box.

Also depending on ports you can have worse sleeping power draw. All USB C will give you the best battery life.

I'm assuming you've already found it, but just in case you didn't: Framework has setup guides for Fedora, which presumably should make everything work as intended. Find your device on this page, then click "Fedora 39 Setup Guide" on the right-hand side: https://frame.work/linux

Hibernate in general has pretty poor support across all distros: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1146326/why-is-hibernation-so-complicated-on-ubuntu-and-other-linux-distributions This is also true across other OS, IIRC Windows also hides its hibernate feature.

Personally I just use suspend or power off.

Which model do you have? There's a known issue affecting the sleep/hibernate for the chipset on the new AMD model on the, I believe AMD has already submitted patches to fix it in the next kernel release though.

I just want to say, power management needs to be improved across the entire Linux ecosystem.

Framework has a guide for you. You'll need to disable either power-profiles-daemon or TLP depending on what CPU you have.

As for hibernation: TL;DR: it's a mess. Fedora doesn't support it out of the box. You can make it work with some elbow grease.

However, you shouldn't need hibernation if your laptop goes to sleep like it should. If you can't get it to sleep right, or still really want hibernation, here are some pointers:

• many Linux distros don't consider hibernation to be a stable feature. The default Fedora setup doesn't even come with a swap partition by default, which makes hibernation impossible. You'll need to allocate some swap space before you can hibernate your computer.
• make sure your swap partition is encrypted if the rest of your laptop is encrypted as well. If you use a swap file, you can make this work, too, but it'll be slightly more complicated
• make sure your swap partition is big enough (at least RAM size + the amount of swap in use at the point of hibernation)
• if you're fine with disabling zram and using normal, this guide will show you how to hibernate a normal Linux system: https://www.ctrl.blog/entry/fedora-hibernate.html
• if you don't have a partition for swap and don't want to create one, or if you want to keep using zram (compressed memory, enabled by default on Fedora, probably recommended to keep enabled), then this guide and its comments will tell you how to get a swap file to work. Make sure you read the update with more details too, and there's also a comment further down specifically about Intel Framework laptops (need to disable a certain Intel driver that breaks hibernation).
• disable secure boot in your BIOS. Linux doesn't support the security features that Windows has to validate the state of boot SECURITY (even with custom secure boot keys), so when you're running in secure boot mode (and the kernel is in lockdown mode), the Linux kernel disables hibernation. Alternatively, there are guides that'll show you how to patch that check out, but that involves compiling your own kernel and that's not worth the effort IMO.
• configure your laptop for suspend-then-hibernate for best performance. I believe hybrid-sleep will also work. The Github gist I linked has details
• you will probably need to enter your password when resuming from hibernation. This is a security feature. You can configure your laptop to use the TPM to decrypt the disk, skipping the encryption password entirely, it you don't mind thieves having the ability to access your data when they steal the laptop.

You may be wondering why this is so complicated. A big reason is that Linux wants to be secure, but hibernation comes with unique security challenges. Linux also wants to be fast and efficient (by compressing RAM rather than writing it to disk) but that messes with the presumptions the hibernation system makes. Fedora dorky sorry hibernation out of the box, but they're working on it, albeit not as fast as you might hope: https://pagure.io/fedora-workstation/issue/121